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M94A0587.TXT
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1994-10-21
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Document 0587
DOCN M94A0587
TI Greater quinolinic acid production by macrophages infected with demented
versus non-demented isolates of HIV.
DT 9412
AU Brew BJ; Pemberton L; Evans L; Heves M; Centre for Immunology, St
Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
SO Annu Conf Australas Soc HIV Med. 1993 Oct 28-30;5:93 (poster no. 37).
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ASHM5/94349068
AB OBJECTIVES: We have previously reported that Quinolinic acid (QUIN), a
neurotoxin acting through the N Methyl D Aspartate receptor, is markedly
elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with AIDS dementia
complex (ADC) and is produced by HIV-1 infected and gamma interferon
stimulated macrophages. We sought to address the following hypotheses:
i) that HIV infected macrophages produce QUIN not through HIV infection
per se but through the concomitant production of cytokines such as
tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and possibly gpl20, ii) that isolates of
HIV-I from demented patients produce more QUIN than from non-demented
patients. METHODS: Human macrophages were isolated from peripheral blood
mononuclear cells by glass adherence and grown in monomed and then AIMV.
In the first experiment two different concentrations of TNF (0.1 ng/ml
and 1 ng/ml) were added to the cells and production of QUIN was assessed
at 0, 24, 36, 48 and 60 hours. In a separate experiment two different
concentrations of gpl20 (0.1 mcg/ml and 1 mcg/ml) were added to the
macrophages and QUIN production was assessed at the same time points. To
test the second hypothesis production of QUIN by macrophages infected
with isolates taken from patients with ADC stage O and ADC stage 3 was
undertaken. These isolates had been previously characterised as being
macrophage tropic or non macrophage tropic according to amount of p24
that was detected in the supernatants over a 30 day period. Equal
numbers of macrophages were used for this experiment and cell death was
quantified at each time point for QUIN analysis by the MTT assay. The
TCID50 of the viral inoculum was the same for each experiment. To
substantiate that QUIN was produced by the kynurenine pathway,
[13C6]-tryptophan was added to the media for each of the latter
experiments. RESULTS: Macrophages stimulated by TNF produced small
amounts of QUIN whereas gpl20 stimulated macrophages did not produce
QUIN. Macrophages infected with demented isolates produced more QUIN
than those infected with non-demented isolates and the increased
production related to whether macrophage tropic or non macrophage tropic
isolates were used: macrophage tropic isolates produced significantly
more QUIN. CONCLUSIONS: Macrophage production of QUIN is only marginally
dependent on TNF and independent of gpl20. Other as yet undefined
factors are responsible for macrophage production of QUIN. The finding
of greater QUIN production by macrophages infected with isolates from
demented patients further supports a role for QUIN in the pathogenesis
of ADC.
DE AIDS Dementia Complex/*IMMUNOLOGY Human HIV Envelope Protein
gp120/IMMUNOLOGY HIV Infections/*IMMUNOLOGY HIV-1/*IMMUNOLOGY
Interferon Type II/PHYSIOLOGY Macrophages/*IMMUNOLOGY Quinolinic
Acid/*CEREBROSPINAL FLUID Tumor Necrosis Factor/PHYSIOLOGY MEETING
ABSTRACT
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).